Lys van hommelby spesies

in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie

Die lys hieronder is 'n kontrolelys van die wêreld se hommelbye[1] (tribus Bombini) gebaseer op die Bombus filogenie aangebied deur Cameron et al (2007)[2] en groepeer volgens subgenus na die hersiening van Williams et al (2008).[3] Die hommelby-fossielrekord strek terug na die Laat Eoseen in Noord-Amerika en Engeland met die meeste verskeidenheid fossiele wat tydens die Mioseen gevind is. Die fossielspesies is bespreek en hersien deur Dehon et al (2019).[4]

Genus Bombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Subgenus Alpigenobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus wurflenii

Subgenus Alpinobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Subgenus Bombias[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus nevadensis

Subgenus Bombus (sensu stricto)[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus cryptarum
Bombus lucorum

Subgenus Cullumanobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Subgenus Kallobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus soroeensis subsp. proteus

Subgenus Megabombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus consobrinus

Subgenus Melanobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus cerdanyensis
holotipe
Bombus lapidarius

Subgenus Mendacibombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus beskonakensis fossiel

Subgenus Orientalibombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Subgenus †Paraelectrobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus patriciae holotipe

Subgenus Psithyrus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus barbutellus
Bombus campestris
Bombus rupestris

Subgenus Pyrobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus pratorum (mannetjie)
Bombus jonellus

Subgenus Sibiricobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus niveatus

Subgenus Subterraneobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus pascuorum

Subgenus Thoracobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Bombus schrencki
Bombus sylvarum
Bombus veteranus
Bombus vetustus
holotipe mannetjie
Calyptapis florissantensis
paratipe vroulik
Oligobombus cuspidatus
holotipe voorvlerk

Subgenus incertae sedis[wysig | wysig bron]

Genus †Calyptapis[wysig | wysig bron]

Genus †Oligobombus[wysig | wysig bron]

Verwysings[wysig | wysig bron]

  1. Williams, P. H. (1998). "An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)". Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Entomology Series. 67: 79–152.
  2. Cameron, S. A.; Hines, H. M.; Williams, P. H. (2007). "A comprehensive phylogeny of the bumble bees (Bombus)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 91: 161–188. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00784.x.
  3. Williams, P. H.; Cameron, S. A.; Hines, H. M.; Cederberg, B.; Rasmont, P. (2008). "A simplified subgeneric classification of the bumblebees (genus Bombus)" (PDF). Apidologie. 39: 1–29. doi:10.1051/apido:2007052. S2CID 3489618.
  4. 4,00 4,01 4,02 4,03 4,04 4,05 4,06 4,07 4,08 4,09 4,10 Dehon, M.; Engel, M.; Gérard, M.; Aytekin, A.; Ghisbain, G.; Williams, P.; Rasmont, P.; Michez, D. (2019). "Morphometric analysis of fossil bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini) reveals their taxonomic affinities". ZooKeys (891): 71–118. doi:10.3897/zookeys.891.32056 (inactive 12 Februarie 2022).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of 2022 (link)
  5. 5,0 5,1 Bombus occidentalis en Bombus terricola word soms verwar as die selfde spesie.
  6. Prokop, J.; Dehon, M.; Michez, D.; Engel, M. S. (2017). "An Early Miocene bumble bee from northern Bohemia (Hymenoptera, Apidae)". ZooKeys (710): 43–63. doi:10.3897/zookeys.710.14714. PMC 5674177. PMID 29118643.
  7. 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 7,4 7,5 Williams, P.; Altanchimeg, D.; Byvaltsev, A.; De Jonghe, R.; Jaffar, S.; Japoshvili, G.; Kahono, S.; Liang, H.; Mei, M.; Monfared, A.; Nidup, T.; Raina, R.; Ren, Z.; Thanoosing, C.; Zhao, Y.; Orr, M. (2020). "Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)". European Journal of Taxonomy (719): 1–120. doi:10.5852/ejt.2020.719.1107. S2CID 224964830.
  8. Dehon, M.; Michez, D.; Nel, A.; Engel, M. S.; De Meulemeester, T. (2014). "Wing Shape of Four New Bee Fossils (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) Provides Insights to Bee Evolution". PLOS ONE. 9 (10): 1–16. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j8865D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108865. PMC 4212905. PMID 25354170.
  9. Pierre Rasmont; A. Murat Aytekin; Osman Kaftanoglu; Didier Flagothier. "Bombus (Melanobombus) erzurumensis (Özbek, 1990)". Université de Mons. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 24 Maart 2016. Besoek op 1 Maart 2022.
  10. 10,0 10,1 Bombus centralis en Bombus flavifrons word soms as dieselfde spesie beskou.
  11. Bombus melanopygus has two color forms, one of which was historically treated as a species: Bombus edwardsii.
  12. 12,0 12,1 Miller, Nathan G. (2010). The Bumble Bees of Algonquin Park: A Field Guide. Toronto: Toronto Entomologists' Association. pp.22.
  13. Cameron, S. A.; Williams, P. H. (24 Julie 2002). "Phylogeny of bumble bees in the New World subgenus Fervidobombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae): congruence of molecular and morphological data" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 28 (3): 552–563. doi:10.1016/s1055-7903(03)00056-3. PMID 12927138. Besoek op 5 November 2015.