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Goiânia (/ɡɔɪˈɑːniə/;[1] Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡojˈjɐniɐ]) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Goiás. With a population of 1,301,892,[2] it is the second-largest city in the Central-Western Region and the 13th-largest in the country. Its metropolitan area has a population of 2,063,744, making it the 11th-largest in Brazil. With an area of approximately 739 square kilometres (285 square miles), it has a continuous geography, with few hills and lowlands, with flat lands in most of its territory, especially the Meia Ponte River, in addition to Botafogo and Capim Puba streams.

Municipality of Goiânia Municipality Top left:Vaca Brava Park and St Bueno area, Top right:Memorial site of Goiânia Train Station in Estacao Park, 2nd left:Monument of Tres Marcos in Latif Sebba Square, 2nd right:Night view of Joao Alaves Queiroz Viaduct, 3rd left:Goiânia Botanical Garden, 3rd right:Monument of Tres Racas in Goiânia Civic Square, Bottom:Night view of downtown Goiânia Top left:Vaca Brava Park and St Bueno area, Top right:Memorial site of Goiânia Train Station in Estacao Park, 2nd left:Monument of Tres Marcos in Latif Sebba Square, 2nd right:Night view of Joao Alaves Queiroz Viaduct, 3rd left:Goiânia Botanical Garden, 3rd right:Monument of Tres Racas in Goiânia Civic Square, Bottom:Night view of downtown Goiânia Flag of Municipality of Goiânia Flag Official seal of Municipality of Goiânia Seal Nickname(s): Capital do Cerrado (Capital of the Cerrado) Location of Goiânia Location of Goiânia Municipality of Goiânia is located in Brazil Municipality of GoiâniaMunicipality of Goiânia Location in Brazil Coordinates: 16°40′S 49°15′W Country Brazil Region Central-West State Flag of Goiás.svg Goiás Founded October 24, 1933 Government

• Mayor	Paulo de Siqueira Garcia (PT)

Area

• Municipality	789 km2 (305 sq mi)
• Metro	739 km2 (285 sq mi)

Elevation 749 m (2,457 ft) Population (2016)

• Municipality	1,448,639 (12th)
• Density	1,604/km2 (4,150/sq mi)
• Metro	2,458,504 (10th)

Time zone UTC-3 (UTC-3)

• Summer (DST)	UTC-2 (UTC-2)

Postal Code 74000-000 Area code(s) +55 62 Demonym goianiense Website www.goiania.go.gov.br

Goiás (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡojˈjas]) is a state of Brazil, located in the Center-West region of the country. The name Goiás (formerly, Goyaz) comes from the name of an indigenous community. The original word seems to have been guaiá, a compound of gua e iá, meaning "the same person" or "people of the same origin." It borders the Federal District and the states of (from north clockwise) Tocantins, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso.

State of Goiás State Flag of State of Goiás Flag Coat of arms of State of Goiás Coat of arms Anthem: Hino de Goiás Location of State of Goiás in Brazil Location of State of Goiás in Brazil Coordinates: 15°56′S 50°8′W Country Brazil Capital and largest city Goiânia Government

• Governor	Marconi Perillo (PSDB)
• Vice Governor	José Eliton (PSDB)

Area

• Total	340,086 km2 (131,308 sq mi)

Area rank 7th Population (2012)[1]

• Total	6,155,998
• Rank	12th
• Density	18/km2 (47/sq mi)
• Density rank	17th

Demonym(s) Goiano GDP

• Year	2006 estimate
• Total	R$57,091,000,000 (9th)
• Per capita	R$9,962 (12th)

HDI

• Year	2010
• Category	0.735 – high (8th)

Time zone BRT (UTC-3)

• Summer (DST)	BRST (UTC-2)

Postal Code 73700-000 to 76790-000 ISO 3166 code BR-GO Website goias.gov.br Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) Announces Financial Results for Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2016 Nuclear weapon "Atom bomb" redirects here. For other uses, see Atom bomb (disambiguation).

The mushroom cloud of the atomic bombing of the Japanese city of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945 rose some 11 mi (18 km) above the bomb's hypocenter. A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion (thermonuclear weapon). Both reactions release large quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter. The first test of a fission ("atomic") bomb released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of TNT (84 TJ). The first thermonuclear ("hydrogen") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 10 million tons of TNT (42 PJ).[1] A thermonuclear weapon weighing little more than 2,400 pounds (1,100 kg) can produce an explosive force comparable to the detonation of more than 1.2 million tons of TNT (5.0 PJ).[2] A nuclear device no larger than traditional bombs can devastate an entire city by blast, fire, and radiation. Nuclear weapons are weapons of mass destruction, and their use and control have been a major focus of international relations policy since their debut.

Nuclear weapons have been used twice in war, both times by the United States against Japan near the end of World War II. On August 6, 1945, the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a uranium gun-type fission bomb nicknamed "Little Boy" over the Japanese city of Hiroshima; three days later, on August 9, the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a plutonium implosion-type fission bomb codenamed "Fat Man" over the Japanese city of Nagasaki. The bombings resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 civilians and military personnel from acute injuries sustained from the explosions.[3] The ethics of the bombings and their role in Japan's surrender are subjects of debate.

Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nuclear weapons have been detonated over two thousand times for testing and demonstration. Only a few nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them. The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons—and acknowledge possessing them—are (chronologically by date of first test) the United States, the Soviet Union (succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia), the United Kingdom, France, the People's Republic of China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea. Israel is also believed to possess nuclear weapons, though, in a policy of deliberate ambiguity, it does not acknowledge having them. Germany, Italy, Turkey, Belgium and the Netherlands are nuclear weapons sharing states.[4][5][6] South Africa is the only country to have independently developed and then renounced and dismantled its nuclear weapons.[7]

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons aims to reduce the spread of nuclear weapons, but its effectiveness has been questioned, and political tensions remained high in the 1970s and 1980s. Modernisation of weapons continues to occur.[8]

Types

Weapons delivery

Nuclear strategy

Governance, control, and law

Controversy

Effects of nuclear explosions on human health

Costs and technology spin-offs

Nuclear strategy

Main articles: Nuclear strategy and Deterrence theory See also: Nuclear peace, Essentials of Post–Cold War Deterrence, Single Integrated Operational Plan, Nuclear warfare, and On Thermonuclear War Nuclear warfare strategy is a set of policies that deal with preventing or fighting a nuclear war. The policy of trying to prevent an attack by a nuclear weapon from another country by threatening nuclear retaliation is known as the strategy of nuclear deterrence. The goal in deterrence is to always maintain a second strike capability (the ability of a country to respond to a nuclear attack with one of its own) and potentially to strive for first strike status (the ability to completely destroy an enemy's nuclear forces before they could retaliate). During the Cold War, policy and military theorists in nuclear-enabled countries worked out models of what sorts of policies could prevent one from ever being attacked by a nuclear weapon, and developed weapon game theory models that create the greatest and most stable deterrence conditions.[25]

The now decommissioned United States' Peacekeeper missile was an ICBM developed to entirely replace the Minuteman missile in the late 1980s. Each missile, like the heavier lift Russian SS-18 Satan, could contain up to ten nuclear warheads (shown in red), each of which could be aimed at a different target. A factor in the development of MIRVs was to make complete missile defense very difficult for an enemy country. Different forms of nuclear weapons delivery (see above) allow for different types of nuclear strategies. The goals of any strategy are generally to make it difficult for an enemy to launch a pre-emptive strike against the weapon system and difficult to defend against the delivery of the weapon during a potential conflict. Sometimes this has meant keeping the weapon locations hidden, such as deploying them on submarines or land mobile transporter erector launchers whose locations are very hard for an enemy to track, and other times, this means protecting them by burying them in hardened missile silo bunkers.

Other components of nuclear strategies have included using missile defense (to destroy the missiles before they land) or implementation of civil defense measures (using early-warning systems to evacuate citizens to safe areas before an attack).

Weapons designed to threaten large populations, or to generally deter attacks are known as strategic weapons. Weapons designed for use on a battlefield in military situations are called tactical weapons.

There are critics of the very idea of nuclear strategy for waging nuclear war who have suggested that a nuclear war between two nuclear powers would result in mutual annihilation. From this point of view, the significance of nuclear weapons is purely to deter war because any nuclear war would immediately escalate out of mutual distrust and fear, resulting in mutually May 11, 2016

Brasil GO Goiânia Alterar local < Voltar Municípios Municípios TodosPor estado Selecione o estado: Acre Alagoas Amapá Amazonas Bahia Ceará Distrito Federal Espírito Santo Goiás Maranhão Mato Grosso Mato Grosso do Sul Minas Gerais Paraná Paraíba Pará Pernambuco Piauí Rio Grande do Norte Rio Grande do Sul Rio de Janeiro Rondônia Roraima Santa Catarina Sergipe São Paulo Tocantins 5570 municípios

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Panorama Pesquisas História & Fotos Código do Município 5208707 Gentílico Goianiense Prefeito IRIS REZENDE MACHADO

População O município tinha 1302001 habitantes no último Censo. Isso coloca o município na posição 1 dentre 246 do mesmo estado. Em comparação com outros municípios do Brasil, fica na posição 12 dentre 5570. Sua densidade demográfica é de 1776.74 habitantes por kilometro quadrado, colocando-o na posição 2 de 246 do mesmo estado. Quando comparado com outros municípios no Brasil, fica na posição 67 de 5570. População no último censo1.302.001 pessoas Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Densidade demográfica1.776,74 hab/km² Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião População residente por religião Católica apostólica romana Evangélica Espírita

Trabalho e Rendimento Em 2014, o salário médio mensal era de 3.3 salários mínimos. A proporção de pessoas ocupadas em relação à população total era de 48.1%. Na comparação com os outros municípios do estado, ocupava as posições 10 de 246 e 4 de 246, respectivamente. Já na comparação com municípios do Brasil todo, ficava na posição 140 de 5570 e 100 de 5570, respectivamente. Considerando domicílios com rendimentos mensais de até meio salário mínimo por pessoa, tinha 27.8% da população nessas condições, o que o colocava na posição 244 de 246 dentre os municípios do estado e na posição 5051 de 5570 dentre os municípios do Brasil. Salário médio mensal dos trabalhadores formais3,3 salários mínimos Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Pessoal ocupado678.744 pessoas Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião População ocupada48,1 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Percentual da população com rendimento nominal mensal per capita de até 1/2 salário mínimo27,8 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Educação Em 2015, os alunos dos anos inicias da rede pública do município tiveram nota média de 5.7 no IDEB. Para os alunos dos anos finais, essa nota foi de 4.9. Na comparação com municípios do mesmo estado, a nota dos alunos dos anos iniciais colocava este município na posição 106 de 246. Considerando a nota dos alunos dos anos finais, a posição passava a 96 de 246. A taxa de escolarização (para pessoas de 6 a 14 anos) foi de 96.4 em 2010. Isso posicionava o município na posição 203 de 246 dentre os municípios do estado e na posição 4281 de 5570 dentre os municípios do Brasil. Taxa de escolarização de 6 a 14 anos de idade96,4 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião IDEB – Anos iniciais do ensino fundamental5,7 Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião IDEB – Anos finais do ensino fundamental4,9 Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Matrículas Ensino pré-escolar Ensino fundamental Ensino médio Ensino superior

Economia Em 2014, tinha um PIB per capita de R$ 32636.58. Na comparação com os demais municípios do estado, sua posição era de 36 de 246. Já na comparação com municípios do Brasil todo, sua colocação era de 653 de 5570. Em 2015, tinha 52% do seu orçamento proveniente de fontes externas. Em comparação aos outros municípios do estado, estava na posição 220 de 246 e, quando comparado a municípios do Brasil todo, ficava em 4927 de 5570. PIB per capita32.636,58 R$ Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Percentual das receitas oriundas de fontes externas52 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Saúde A taxa de mortalidade infantil média no município é de 10.85 para 1.000 nascidos vivos. As internações devido a diarreias são de 0.6 para cada 1.000 habitantes. Comparado com todos os municípios do estado, fica nas posições 129 de 246 e 139 de 246, respectivamente. Quando comparado a municípios do Brasil todo, essas posições são de 3065 de 5570 e 3103 de 5570, respectivamente. Mortalidade Infantil10,85 Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Internações por diarreia0,6 internações por mil habitantes Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Território e Ambiente Apresenta 76.1% de domicílios com esgotamento sanitário adequado, 89.3% de domicílios urbanos em vias públicas com arborização e 48.6% de domicílios urbanos em vias públicas com urbanização adequada (presença de bueiro, calçada, pavimentação e meio-fio). Quando comparado com os outros municípios do estado, fica na posição 11 de 246, 102 de 246 e 1 de 246, respectivamente. Já quando comparado a outros municípios do Brasil, sua posição é 1122 de 5570, 1573 de 5570 e 474 de 5570, respectivamente. Esgotamento sanitário adequado76,1 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Arborização de vias públicas89,3 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião Urbanização de vias públicas48,6 % Comparando a outros municípios No país No estado Na microrregião © 2017 IBGE | v4.1.5