Asma: Verskil tussen weergawes
JMK (besprekings | bydraes) kNo edit summary |
k r2.5.2) (robot Verander: lv:Bronhiālā astma, ro:Astmă |
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[[ta:மூச்சுத்தடை நோய்]] |
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Wysiging soos op 15:55, 24 Januarie 2011
Asma (van Grieks: άσθμα, ásthma, "hyging") is 'n algemene kroniese inflammatoriese siekte van die lugweë, gekarakteriseer deur verskillende en herhalende simptome, omkeerbare lugvloei-obstruksie, en bronchospasma.[1] Simptome sluit in hyging, hoes, borsbenoudheid, en kortasem.[2]
Behandeling van akute simptome geskied gewoonlik met 'n vinnigwerkende inasemings beta-2 agonis (soos salbutamol).[3] Simptome kan voorkom word deur die snellers daarvan, soos allergene[4] en irritante, te vermy deur identifisering en afskerming daarvan, asook deur inaseming van kortikosteroïde (bynierskorshormone).[5] Leukotriene antagoniste (middels wat leukotriene inhibeer) is minder effektief as kortikosteroïde en dus minder gewild.[6]
Die voorkoms van asma het sedert die 1970's aansienlik toegeneem. In 2009 is 300 miljoen mense ter wêreld daardeur geraak.[7] In 2009 het asma globaal 250 000 sterftes veroorsaak.[7] Ten spyte hiervan, is die prognose van asma, met behoorlike kontrole deur stapsgewyse terapie, oor die algemeen goed.
Geskiedenis
Asma is vir die eerste keer deur Hippokrates, om en by 450 v.C., herken en benoem. Tydens die 1930's–50's, is asma beskou as een van die 'heilige sewe' psigosomatiese siektes. Die aetiologie daarvan is as psigologies beskou, met behandeling wat dikwels op psigoanalise en ander 'beradingskure' gebaseer is.[8] Aangesien hierdie psigoanaliste die asmatiese hyg gesien het as die onderdrukte uitroep van 'n kind vir sy of haar ma, was hulle van mening dat die behandeling van depressie veral belangrik was vir indiwidue met asma.[8]
Verwysings
- ↑ NHLBI 2007 p.11–12
- ↑ BTS 2009 p.3
- ↑ NHLBI 2007 p.214
- ↑ NHLBI 2007 p.169–172
- ↑ GINA 2009 p.69
- ↑ Fanta CH (2009). "Asthma". N Engl J Med. 360 (10): 1002–14. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0804579. PMID 19264689.
{{cite journal}}: Onbekende parameter|month=geïgnoreer (hulp) - ↑ 7,0 7,1 GINA 2009 p.2
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Opolski M, Wilson I (2005). "Asthma and depression: a pragmatic review of the literature and recommendations for future research". Clin Pract Epidemol Ment Health. 1: 18. doi:10.1186/1745-0179-1-18. PMC 1253523. PMID 16185365.
{{cite journal}}: Onbekende parameter|month=geïgnoreer (hulp)
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