Portaal:Inhoudsopgawe/Hoofpunte/Kultuur en die kunste

Kultuur – set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that define a group of people, such as the people of a particular region. Culture includes the elements that characterize a particular peoples' way of life.

• Die Kunste – vast subdivision of culture, composed of many creative endeavors and disciplines. The arts encompasses visual arts, literary arts and the performing arts.
  • Gastronomie – the art and science of good eating, including the the study of food and culture.
    • Voedselvoorbereiding – act of preparing foodstuffs for eating. It encompasses a vast range of methods, tools, and combinations of ingredients to improve the flavour and digestibility of food.
    • Kos en drank
      • Cuisines – a cuisine is a specific set of cooking traditions and practices, often associated with a specific culture.
      • Sjokolade – raw or processed food produced from the seed of the tropical Theobroma cacao tree.
      • Wyn – alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes.
  • Letterkunde – the art of written works.
    • Fiksie – any form of narrative which deals, in part or in whole, with events that are not factual, but rather, imaginary and invented by its author(s).
    • Poësie – literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning.
    • Critical theory – examination and critique of society and culture, drawing from knowledge across the social sciences and humanities.
  • Visual arts – art forms that create works which are primarily visual in nature.
    • Architecture – The art and science of designing and erecting buildings and other physical structures.
    • Crafts – recreational activities and hobbies that involve making things with one's hands and skill.
    • Drawing – visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium.
    • Film – moving pictures.
    • Painting – practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface with a brush or other object.
    • Photography – art, science, and practice of creating pictures by recording radiation on a radiation-sensitive medium, such as a photographic film, or electronic image sensors.
    • Sculpture – three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials - typically stone such as marble - or metal, glass, or wood.
  • Performing arts – those forms of art that use the artist's own body, face, and presence as a medium.
    • Dance – art form of movement of the body, usually rhythmic and to music, used as a form of expression, social interaction, or presented in a spiritual or performance setting.
    • Film – moving pictures, the art form that records performances visually.
    • Theatre – collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place.
    • Music – art form the medium of which is sound and silence.
      • Opera – art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (called a libretto) and musical score.
      • Musical instruments – devices created or adapted for the purpose of making musical sounds.
        • Guitars – the guitar is a plucked string instrument, usually played with fingers or a pick. The guitar consists of a body with a rigid neck to which the strings, generally six in number, are attached. Guitars are traditionally constructed of various woods and strung with animal gut or, more recently, with either nylon or steel strings.
• Celebration –
  • Festivals – entertainment events centering on and celebrating a unique aspect of a community, usually staged by that community.
• Entertainment – any activity which provides a diversion or permits people to amuse themselves in their leisure time. Entertainment is generally passive, such as watching opera or a movie.
  • Fiction – any form of narrative which deals, in part or in whole, with events that are not factual, but rather, imaginary and invented by its author(s).
    • James Bond – fictional character created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming. Since then, the character has grown to icon status, featured in many novels, movies, video games and other media.
    • Middle-earth – fantasy setting by writer J.R.R. Tolkien, home to hobbits, orcs, and many other mystical races and creatures.
    • Science fiction – a genre of fiction dealing with imaginary but more or less plausible (or at least nonsupernatural) content such as future settings, futuristic science and technology, space travel, aliens, and paranormal abilities. Exploring the consequences of scientific innovations is one purpose of science fiction, making it a "literature of ideas".
  • Games – structured playing, usually undertaken for enjoyment, involving goals, rules, challenge, and interaction.
    • Board games
      • Chess – two-player board game played on a chessboard, a square-checkered board with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. Each player begins the game with sixteen pieces: One king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns.
    • Card games
      • Poker – family of card games that share betting rules and usually (but not always) hand rankings.
    • Video games –
  • Sports – organized, competitive, entertaining, and skillful activity requiring commitment, strategy, and fair play, in which a winner can be defined by objective means. Generally speaking, a sport is a game based in physical athleticism.
    • Basketball – team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules.
    • Canoeing and kayaking – two closely related forms of watercraft paddling, involving manually propelling and navigating specialized boats called canoes and kayaks using a blade that is joined to a shaft, known as a paddle, in the water.
    • Cricket – bat-and-ball team sport, the most most popular form played on an oval-shaped outdoor arena known as a cricket field at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard (20.12 m) long pitch that is the focus of the game.
    • Martial arts – extensive systems of codified practices and traditions of combat, practiced for a variety of reasons, including self-defense, competition, physical health and fitness, as well as mental and spiritual development.
    • Motorcycling – riding a motorcycle. A variety of subcultures and lifestyles have been built up around motorcycling and motorcycle racing.
    • Running – moving rapidly on foot, during which both feet are off the ground at regular intervals.
    • Tennis – sport usually played between two players (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles), using specialized racquets to strike a felt-covered hollow rubber ball over a net into the opponent's court.
• Area studies – comprehensive interdisciplinary research and academic study of the people and communities of particular regions. Disciplines applied include history, political science, sociology, cultural studies, languages, geography, literature, and related disciplines.
  • Classical studies – branch of the Humanities comprising the languages, literature, philosophy, history, art, archaeology and all other cultural elements of the ancient Mediterranean world (Bronze Age ca. BC 3000 – Late Antiquity ca. AD 300–600); especially Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.
  • Sinology – study of China and things related to China, such as its classical language and literature.

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