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| alt_names = Jupiter III
| alt_names = Jupiter III
| adjectives =
| adjectives =
| image = [[Lêer:Ganymede g1 true 2.jpg|250px|Ganymedes]]
| image = [[Lêer:Ganymede g1 true 2.jpg|240px|Ganymedes]]
| caption = Ganymedes, soos waargeneem deur die Galileo-wenteltuig
| caption = Ganymedes, soos waargeneem deur die Galileo-wenteltuig op 26 Junie 1996.
| bgcolour = #a0ffa0
| bgcolour = #a0ffa0
| discovery = yes
| discovery = yes
| discoverer = [[Galileo Galilei]]
| discoverer = [[Galileo Galilei]]
| discovered = 7 Januarie 1610<ref name="SidereusNuncius">{{cite web |last=Galilei |first=Galileo |url=http://hsci.cas.ou.edu/images/barker/5990/Sidereus-Nuncius-whole.pdf |month=March |year=1610 |title=Sidereus Nuncius |coauthors=translated by Edward Carlos and edited by Peter Barker |format=PDF |publisher=University of Oklahoma History of Science |accessdate=2010-01-13}}</ref><ref name="Wright">{{cite web |last=Wright |first=Ernie |url=http://home.comcast.net/~erniew/astro/sidnunj1.html |title=Galileo's First Observations of Jupiter |format=PDF |publisher=University of Oklahoma History of Science |accessdate=2010-01-13}}</ref><ref name="NASA">{{cite web|url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jup_Ganymede |title=NASA: Ganymede |publisher=Solarsystem.nasa.gov |date=2009-09-29 |accessdate=2010-03-08}}</ref>
| discovered = [[7 Januarie]] [[1610]]<ref name="SidereusNuncius">{{cite web |last=Galilei |first=Galileo |url=http://hsci.cas.ou.edu/images/barker/5990/Sidereus-Nuncius-whole.pdf |month=Maart |year=1610 |title=Sidereus Nuncius |coauthors=translated by Edward Carlos and edited by Peter Barker |format=PDF |publisher=University of Oklahoma History of Science |accessdate=2010-01-13}}</ref><ref name="Wright">{{cite web |last=Wright |first=Ernie |url=http://home.comcast.net/~erniew/astro/sidnunj1.html |title=Galileo's First Observations of Jupiter |format=PDF |publisher=University of Oklahoma History of Science |accessdate=2010-01-13}}</ref><ref name="NASA">{{cite web|url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jup_Ganymede |title=NASA: Ganymede |publisher=Solarsystem.nasa.gov |date=2009-09-29 |accessdate=2010-03-08}}</ref>
| semimajor = 1,070,400&nbsp;km<ref name=orbit>{{cite web|title=Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem}}</ref>
| semimajor = 1&nbsp;070&nbsp;400&nbsp;km<ref name=orbit>{{cite web|title=Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem}}</ref>
| eccentricity = 0.0013<ref name=orbit/>
| eccentricity = 0,0013<ref name=orbit/>
| periapsis = 1,069,200&nbsp;km{{Ref_label|B|b|none}}
| periapsis = 1&nbsp;069&nbsp;200&nbsp;km{{Ref_label|B|b|none}}
| apoapsis = 1,071,600&nbsp;km{{Ref_label|A|a|none}}
| apoapsis = 1&nbsp;071&nbsp;600&nbsp;km{{Ref_label|A|a|none}}
| period = 7.15455296&nbsp;dae<ref name=orbit/>
| period = 7,15455296&nbsp;dae<ref name=orbit/>
| avg_speed = 10.880&nbsp;km/s
| avg_speed = 10,880&nbsp;km/s
| inclination = 0.20° tot Jupiter se ewenaar<ref name=orbit/>
| inclination = 0,20° (tot Jupiter se [[ewenaar]])<ref name=orbit/>
| satellite_of = [[Jupiter (planeet)|Jupiter]]
| satellite_of = [[Jupiter (planeet)|Jupiter]]
| physical_characteristics = yes
| physical_characteristics = yes
| mean_radius = {{nowrap|2634.1 ± 0.3 km}} (0.413 Aardes)<ref name=Showman1999>{{cite journal|last=Showman |first=Adam P.|coauthors=Malhotra, Renu|title=The Galilean Satellites|year=1999|journal=Science|volume=286|pages=77&ndash;84|doi=10.1126/science.286.5437.77| url=http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/showman-malhotra-1999.pdf|format=PDF|pmid=10506564|issue=5437}}</ref>
| mean_radius = {{nowrap|2634,1 ± 0,3 km}}<br />(0,413 [[Aarde]]s)<ref name=Showman1999>{{cite journal|last=Showman |first=Adam P.|coauthors=Malhotra, Renu|title=The Galilean Satellites|year=1999|journal=Science|volume=286|pages=77&ndash;84|doi=10.1126/science.286.5437.77| url=http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/showman-malhotra-1999.pdf|format=PDF|pmid=10506564|issue=5437}}</ref>
| surface_area = 87.0 miljoen&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> (0.171 Aardes){{Ref_label|C|c|none}}
| surface_area = 87,0 miljoen&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup><br />(0,171 Aardes){{Ref_label|C|c|none}}
| volume = 7.6<sup>10</sup>&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup> (0.0704 Aardes){{Ref_label|D|d|none}}
| volume = 7,6<sup>10</sup>&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup><br />(0,0704 Aardes){{Ref_label|D|d|none}}
| mass = {{nowrap|1.4819<sup>23</sup> kg}} (0.025 Aardes)<ref name=Showman1999/>
| mass = {{nowrap|1,4819<sup>23</sup> kg}}<br />(0,025 Aardes)<ref name=Showman1999/>
| density = 1.936&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=Showman1999/>
| density = 1,936&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=Showman1999/>
| surface_grav = 1.428&nbsp;m/s<sup>2</sup> (0.146 ''g''){{Ref_label|E|e|none}}
| surface_grav = 1,428&nbsp;m/s<sup>2</sup> (0,146 ''g''){{Ref_label|E|e|none}}
| escape_velocity = 2.741&nbsp;km/s{{Ref_label|F|f|none}}
| escape_velocity = 2,741&nbsp;km/s{{Ref_label|F|f|none}}
| rotation = synchronies
| rotation = sinchronies
| axial_tilt = 0&ndash;0.33°<ref name=Bills2005>{{cite journal|last=Bills|first=Bruce G.|title=Free and forced obliquities of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter|year=2005|volume=175|issue=1|pages=233&ndash;247| doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2004.10.028|bibcode=2005Icar..175..233B | journal = Icarus}}</ref>
| axial_tilt = 0&ndash;0,33°<ref name=Bills2005>{{cite journal|last=Bills|first=Bruce G.|title=Free and forced obliquities of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter|year=2005|volume=175|issue=1|pages=233&ndash;247| doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2004.10.028|bibcode=2005Icar..175..233B | journal = Icarus}}</ref>
| albedo = {{nowrap|0.43 ± 0.02}}<ref name=jplfact>{{cite web|last=Yeomans|first=Donald K.|date=2006-07-13|title=Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters|publisher=JPL Solar System Dynamics|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par|accessdate=2007-11-05}}</ref>
| albedo = {{nowrap|0,43 ± 0,02}}<ref name=jplfact>{{cite web|last=Yeomans|first=Donald K.|date=2006-07-13|title=Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters|publisher=JPL Solar System Dynamics|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par|accessdate=2007-11-05}}</ref>
| magnitude = 4.61 ([[Opposisie (astronomie)|opposisie]])<ref name=jplfact/><br />4.38 (in 1951)<ref name=horizons>{{cite web
| magnitude = 4,61 ([[Opposisie (astronomie)|opposisie]])<ref name=jplfact/><br />4,38 (in 1951)<ref name=horizons>{{cite web
|title=Horizon Online Ephemeris System for Ganymede (Major Body 503)
|title=Horizon Online Ephemeris System for Ganymede (Major Body 503)
|publisher=California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|publisher=California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|author=Yeomans and Chamberlin
|author=Yeomans and Chamberlin
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=mb&sstr=503
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=mb&sstr=503
|accessdate=2010-04-14}} (4.38 on 1951-Oct-03)</ref>
|accessdate=2010-04-14}} (4,38 op 3 Oktober 1951)</ref>
| temperatures =yes
| temperatures =yes
| temp_name1 = K
| temp_name1 = K
Lyn 43: Lyn 43:
| atmosphere_composition = [[Suurstof]] (100 %)<ref name=Hall1998>{{cite journal|last=Hall|first=D.T.|title=The Far-Ultraviolet Oxygen Airglow of Europa and Ganymede|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|year=1998|volume=499|issue=1|pages=475&ndash;481| doi=10.1086/305604| bibcode=1998ApJ...499..475H|author2=Feldman, P.D.|last3=McGrath|first3=M.A.|display-authors=2|last4=Strobel|first4=D. F.}}</ref>
| atmosphere_composition = [[Suurstof]] (100 %)<ref name=Hall1998>{{cite journal|last=Hall|first=D.T.|title=The Far-Ultraviolet Oxygen Airglow of Europa and Ganymede|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|year=1998|volume=499|issue=1|pages=475&ndash;481| doi=10.1086/305604| bibcode=1998ApJ...499..475H|author2=Feldman, P.D.|last3=McGrath|first3=M.A.|display-authors=2|last4=Strobel|first4=D. F.}}</ref>
}}
}}

[[Lêer:Galilean moon Laplace resonance animation.gif|thumb|left|200px|Die orbitale resonansies van Ganymedes, Europa en Io.]]


'''Ganymedes''' (gan'-ə-meed-əs; [[Grieks]] ''Γανυμήδης'', ook '''Jupiter III''') is die grootste [[maan]] van die [[planeet]] [[Jupiter (planeet)|Jupiter]], en ook die grootste maan in die [[sonnestelsel]]. Ganymedes is groter as die planeet [[Mercurius]], maar sy massa is net 50% van dié van Mercurius. Ganymedes is die enigste maan wat sonder 'n teleskoop sigbaar is, maar net in baie goeie en donker situasies.
'''Ganymedes''' (gan'-ə-meed-əs; [[Grieks]] ''Γανυμήδης'', ook '''Jupiter III''') is die grootste [[maan]] van die [[planeet]] [[Jupiter (planeet)|Jupiter]], en ook die grootste maan in die [[sonnestelsel]]. Ganymedes is groter as die planeet [[Mercurius]], maar sy massa is net 50% van dié van Mercurius. Ganymedes is die enigste maan wat sonder 'n teleskoop sigbaar is, maar net in baie goeie en donker situasies.


Dis moontlik dat Ganymedes in 364 v.C. ontdek is deur die [[Sjina|Sjinese]] sterrekundige [[Gan De]]. [[Galileo Galilei]] kry egter gewoonlik die eer daarvoor; die sterrekundige het die maan se bestaan in 1610 geregistreer. Ganymedes is die enigste maan van Jupiter wat 'n manlike naam het.
Dis moontlik dat Ganymedes in 364 v.C. ontdek is deur die [[Sjina|Sjinese]] sterrekundige [[Gan De]]. [[Galileo Galilei]] kry egter gewoonlik die eer daarvoor; die sterrekundige het die maan se bestaan op [[7 Januarie]] [[1610]] geregistreer, saam met die drie ander Galileïse mane [[Europa (maan)|Europa]], [[Io (maan)|Io]] en [[Callisto (maan)|Callisto]]. Ganymedes is die enigste maan van Jupiter wat 'n manlike naam het.


== Verwysings ==
== Verwysings ==
{{CommonsKategorie|Ganymede (moon)}}
{{Verwysings}}
{{Verwysings}}


Wysiging soos op 16:15, 25 Maart 2012

Ganymedes   
Ganymedes
Ganymedes, soos waargeneem deur die Galileo-wenteltuig op 26 Junie 1996.
Ontdekking
Ontdek deur Galileo Galilei
Datum 7 Januarie 1610[1][2][3]
Alternatiewe nameJupiter III
Wentelbaaneienskappe
Periapside 1 069 200 km[b]
Apoapside 1 071 600 km[a]
Halwe lengteas 1 070 400 km[4]
Wentelperiode 7,15455296 dae[4]
Gem. omwentelingspoed 10,880 km/s
Baanhelling 0,20° (tot Jupiter se ewenaar)[4]
Satelliet van Jupiter
Fisiese eienskappe
Gem. radius 2634,1 ± 0,3 km
(0,413 Aardes)[5]
Oppervlakte 87,0 miljoen km2
(0,171 Aardes)[c]
Volume 7,610 km3
(0,0704 Aardes)[d]
Massa 1,481923 kg
(0,025 Aardes)[5]
Gem. digtheid 1,936 g/cm3[5]
Oppervlak-
aantrekkingskrag		 1,428 m/s2 (0,146 g)[e]
Ontsnapping-
snelheid		 2,741 km/s[f]
Rotasieperiode sinchronies
Ashelling 0–0,33°[6]
0,43 ± 0,02[7]
Oppervlak-temp.
   K
mingem.maks
70[8]110[8]152[9]
Skynmagnitude 4,61 (opposisie)[7]
4,38 (in 1951)[10]
Atmosfeer
Oppervlakdruk tekens
Samestelling Suurstof (100 %)[11]
Die orbitale resonansies van Ganymedes, Europa en Io.

Ganymedes (gan'-ə-meed-əs; Grieks Γανυμήδης, ook Jupiter III) is die grootste maan van die planeet Jupiter, en ook die grootste maan in die sonnestelsel. Ganymedes is groter as die planeet Mercurius, maar sy massa is net 50% van dié van Mercurius. Ganymedes is die enigste maan wat sonder 'n teleskoop sigbaar is, maar net in baie goeie en donker situasies.

Dis moontlik dat Ganymedes in 364 v.C. ontdek is deur die Sjinese sterrekundige Gan De. Galileo Galilei kry egter gewoonlik die eer daarvoor; die sterrekundige het die maan se bestaan op 7 Januarie 1610 geregistreer, saam met die drie ander Galileïse mane Europa, Io en Callisto. Ganymedes is die enigste maan van Jupiter wat 'n manlike naam het.

Verwysings

  1. ↑ Galilei, Galileo (1610). "Sidereus Nuncius" (PDF). University of Oklahoma History of Science. Besoek op 13 Januarie 2010. {{cite web}}: Onbekende parameter |coauthors= geïgnoreer (hulp); Onbekende parameter |month= geïgnoreer (hulp)
  2. ↑ Wright, Ernie. "Galileo's First Observations of Jupiter" (PDF). University of Oklahoma History of Science. Besoek op 13 Januarie 2010.
  3. ↑ "NASA: Ganymede". Solarsystem.nasa.gov. 29 September 2009. Besoek op 8 Maart 2010.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Showman, Adam P. (1999). "The Galilean Satellites" (PDF). Science. 286 (5437): 77–84. doi:10.1126/science.286.5437.77. PMID 10506564. {{cite journal}}: Onbekende parameter |coauthors= geïgnoreer (hulp)
  6. ↑ Bills, Bruce G. (2005). "Free and forced obliquities of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter". Icarus. 175 (1): 233–247. Bibcode:2005Icar..175..233B. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.10.028.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Yeomans, Donald K. (13 Julie 2006). "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Besoek op 5 November 2007.
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Delitsky, Mona L. (1998). "Ice chemistry of Galilean satellites" (PDF). J.of Geophys. Res. 103 (E13): 31, 391–31, 403. Bibcode:1998JGR...10331391D. doi:10.1029/1998JE900020. {{cite journal}}: Onbekende parameter |coauthors= geïgnoreer (hulp)
  9. ↑ Orton, G.S.; Spencer, G.R.; et al. (1996). "Galileo Photopolarimeter-radiometer observations of Jupiter and the Galilean Satellites". Science. 274 (5286): 389–391. Bibcode:1996Sci...274..389O. doi:10.1126/science.274.5286.389.
  10. ↑ Yeomans and Chamberlin. "Horizon Online Ephemeris System for Ganymede (Major Body 503)". California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Besoek op 14 April 2010. (4,38 op 3 Oktober 1951)
  11. ↑ Hall, D.T.; Feldman, P.D.; et al. (1998). "The Far-Ultraviolet Oxygen Airglow of Europa and Ganymede". The Astrophysical Journal. 499 (1): 475–481. Bibcode:1998ApJ...499..475H. doi:10.1086/305604.

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