Alkaid
Alkaid
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Alkaid se ligging (in die rooi sirkel). | ||||
Sterrebeeld | Groot Beer | |||
Bayer-naam | Eta Ursae Majoris | |||
Spektraaltipe | B3 V[1] | |||
Soort | Hoofreeksster | |||
Waarnemingsdata (Epog J2000) | ||||
Regte klimming | 13h 47m 32.43776s[2] | |||
Deklinasie | +49° 18′ 47.7602″[2] | |||
Skynmagnitude (m) | 1,86[3] | |||
Absolute magnitude (M) | -0,67[4] | |||
B-V-kleurindeks | -0,19[3] | |||
U-B-kleurindeks | -0,68[3] | |||
Besonderhede | ||||
Massa (M☉) | 6,1 ± 0,1[5] | |||
Radius (R☉) | 3,4[6] | |||
Ligsterkte (L☉) | 594 ± 31[7] | |||
Ouderdom (jaar) | 10 ± 2,6 miljoen[5] | |||
Temperatuur (K) | 15 540 ± 1 157[7] | |||
Rotasiespoed (km/s) | 150[8] | |||
Ander name | ||||
Benetnash, Benetnasch,[9] Elkeid, 85 Ursae Majoris, BD+50°2027, FK5 509, GC 18643, HD 120315, HIP 67301, HR 5191, PPM 53742, SAO 44752 | ||||
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Alkaid (ook bekend as Eta Ursae Majoris of η UMa) is ’n ster in die sterrebeeld Groot Beer. Dit is die linkerkantste ster van die asterisme Groot Wa (Big Dipper), maar anders as die meeste sterre van die Groot Beer is dit nie lid van die Ursa Major-groep sterre wat saam deur die lug beweeg nie.[10] Met sy skynbare magnitude van 1,84[11] is Alkaid die derde helderste ster in die sterrebeeld en een van die helderste sterre in die naglug.
Eienskappe
[wysig | wysig bron]Alkaid is ’n 10 miljoen jaar oue[5] B-tipe hoofreeksster met ’n sterreklassifikasie van B3 V.[1] Sedert 1943 dien sy spektrum as een van die stabiele ankerpunte waarvolgens ander sterre geklassifiseer word.[12] Sy massa is ses keer dié van die Son,[5] sy radius 3,4 keer die Son s’n[6] en sy ligsterkte 594 keer die Son s’n.[7] Sy effektiewe temperatuur van sowat 15 540 K[7] gee dit die tipiese blouwit kleur van ’n B-tipe ster.[13] Die ster straal X-strale uit met ’n helderheid van 9,3 × 1028 erg s-1.[14]
Alkaid was ’n standaardster vir tipe B3 V. Dit het breë absorpsielyne vanweë sy vinnige rotasie, wat algemeen in sulke sterre is. Die lyne is egter effens verwronge en veranderlik, wat dalk ’n gevolg is van die emissielyne van ’n skyf materiaal wat deur die vinnige rotasie veroorsaak word.[15]
Name
[wysig | wysig bron]Die ster se Bayer-naam is "Eta Ursae Majoris". Die tradisionele name, "Alkaid" (of "Elkeid") en "Benetnasch", kom van die Arabiese قائد بنات نعش qā'id bināt naʿsh, "die leier van die dogters van die doodsbaar". In Julie 2016 het die Internasionale Astronomiese Unie se sternaamwerkgroep (WGSN) die amptelike naam "Alkaid" vir die ster goedgekeur.[16]
Verwysings
[wysig | wysig bron]- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Morgan, W. W.; Keenan, P. C. (1973), "Spectral Classification", Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 11: 29, doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333, Bibcode: 1973ARA&A..11...29M
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 van Leeuwen, Floor (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V Nota: Sien VizieR-katalogus I/311.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237: 0. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
- ↑ Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A.
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (January 2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 410 (1): 190–200, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.410..190T
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Underhill, A. B. et al. (November 1979), "Effective temperatures, angular diameters, distances and linear radii for 160 O and B stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 189 (3): 601–605, doi:10.1093/mnras/189.3.601, Bibcode: 1979MNRAS.189..601U
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 Baines, E.; Schmitt, H. R.; Zavala, R. T.; Hutter, D.; van Belle, G. T. (2017), "Fundamental Parameters of 87 Stars from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer", The Astronomical Journal 155 (1): 30, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9d8b, Bibcode: 2018AJ....155...30B
- ↑ Abt, Helmut A.; Levato, Hugo; Grosso, Monica (July 2002), "Rotational Velocities of B Stars", The Astrophysical Journal 573 (1): 359–365, doi:10.1086/340590, Bibcode: 2002ApJ...573..359A
- ↑ Rumrill, H. B. (1936). "Star Name Pronunciation". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 48 (283): 139. Bibcode:1936PASP...48..139R. doi:10.1086/124681.
- ↑ Motz, Lloyd; Nathanson, Carol (1988). The Constellations: An Enthusiast's Guide To The Night Sky. Doubleday. p. 39. ISBN 978-0385176002.
- ↑ Crawford, D. L.; Barnes, J. V.; Golson, J. C. (1971), "Four-color, H-beta, and UBV photometry for bright B-type stars in the northern hemisphere", The Astronomical Journal 76: 1058, doi:10.1086/111220, Bibcode: 1971AJ.....76.1058C
- ↑ Garrison, R. F. (Desember 1993), "Anchor Points for the MK System of Spectral Classification", Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 25: 1319, Bibcode: 1993AAS...183.1710G, archived from the original on 2019-06-25, https://web.archive.org/web/20190625094716/http://www.astro.utoronto.ca/~garrison/mkstds.html, besoek op 2012-02-04
- ↑ "The Colour of Stars", Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), 21 Desember 2004, archived from the original on 2012-03-10, https://www.webcitation.org/6630AbtJZ?url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html, besoek op 2012-01-16
- ↑ Cassinelli, J. P. et al. (Februarie 1994), "X-ray emission from near-main-sequence B stars", Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 421 (2): 705–717, doi:10.1086/173683, Bibcode: 1994ApJ...421..705C
- ↑ Bopp, B. W; Caplinger, J. R; Crosby, N. A; Mahoney, D. F; O'Brien, S. P; Dempsey, R. C (1989). "Is the MK Standard eta UMa an Incipient be Star?". Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 3347: 1. Bibcode:1989IBVS.3347....1B.
- ↑ "Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1" (PDF). Besoek op 28 Julie 2016.
Eksterne skakels
[wysig | wysig bron]- Alkaid by Jim Kaler se Stars-webtuiste
- Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die Engelse Wikipedia