Oseaanwêreld: Verskil tussen weergawes

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In Junie 2020 het wetenskaplikes van [[Nasa]] aangekondig dit is moontlik dat eksoplanete met oseane algemeen in die [[Melkweg]] is, gebaseer op wiskundige modelle.<ref name="NASA-20200618">{{cite news |author=Shekhtman, Lonnie |display-authors=et al. |title=Are Planets with Oceans Common in the Galaxy? It's Likely, NASA Scientists Find |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/are-planets-with-oceans-common-in-the-galaxy-it-s-likely-nasa-scientists-find |date=18 June 2020 |work=[[Nasa]] |access-date=20 June 2020 }}</ref><ref name="OceanPlanets">{{cite journal|last1=Quick|first1=Lynnae C.|last2=Roberge|first2=Aki|last3=Barr Mlinar|first3=Amy|last4=Hedman|first4=Matthew M.|date=2020-06-18|title=Forecasting Rates of Volcanic Activity on Terrestrial Exoplanets and Implications for Cryovolcanic Activity on Extrasolar Ocean Worlds|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific|volume=132|issue=1014|page=084402|doi=10.1088/1538-3873/ab9504|bibcode=2020PASP..132h4402Q|s2cid=219964895 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
In Junie 2020 het wetenskaplikes van [[Nasa]] aangekondig dit is moontlik dat eksoplanete met oseane algemeen in die [[Melkweg]] is, gebaseer op wiskundige modelle.<ref name="NASA-20200618">{{cite news |author=Shekhtman, Lonnie |display-authors=et al. |title=Are Planets with Oceans Common in the Galaxy? It's Likely, NASA Scientists Find |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/are-planets-with-oceans-common-in-the-galaxy-it-s-likely-nasa-scientists-find |date=18 June 2020 |work=[[Nasa]] |access-date=20 June 2020 }}</ref><ref name="OceanPlanets">{{cite journal|last1=Quick|first1=Lynnae C.|last2=Roberge|first2=Aki|last3=Barr Mlinar|first3=Amy|last4=Hedman|first4=Matthew M.|date=2020-06-18|title=Forecasting Rates of Volcanic Activity on Terrestrial Exoplanets and Implications for Cryovolcanic Activity on Extrasolar Ocean Worlds|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific|volume=132|issue=1014|page=084402|doi=10.1088/1538-3873/ab9504|bibcode=2020PASP..132h4402Q|s2cid=219964895 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Oorsig==
===Sonnestelsel===
[[Beeld:PIA19656-SaturnMoon-Enceladus-Ocean-ArtConcept-20150915.jpg|thumb|260px|'n Diagram van die binnekant van [[Enkelados (maan)|Enkelados]].]]

Oseaanwêrelde is van besondere belang vir [[Astrobiologie|astrobioloë]] vanweë hulle potensiaal om lewe te skep en [[biologie]]se aktiwiteit oor [[Geologiese tydskaal|geologiese tydskale]] te onderhou.<ref name="Vance 2007" /><ref name="Nimmo 2016" /> Groot [[Natuurlike satelliet|mane]] en [[dwergplanete]] in die [[Sonnestelsel]] wat moontlik ondergrondse oseane het, is van besondere belang omdat hulle deur ruimteverkenningstuie bereik en bestudeer kan word, in teenstelling met [[eksoplanete]], wat tot honderdduisende [[ligjare]] van hier kan wees, ver buite die bereik van die huidige menslike tegnologie. Die beste waterwêrelde in die Sonnestelsel benewens die Aarde is [[Kallisto (maan)|Kallisto]], [[Enkelados (maan)|Enkelados]], [[Europa (maan)|Europa]], [[Ganumedes (maan)|Ganumedes]] en Titaan.<ref name="Nimmo 2016" /><ref name="OW Roadmap 2019">{{cite journal | last1 = Hendrix | first1 = Amanda R. | last2 = Hurford | first2 = Terry A. | last3 = Barge | first3 = Laura M. | last4 = Bland | first4 = Michael T. | last5 = Bowman | first5 = Jeff S. | last6 = Brinckerhoff | first6 = William | last7 = Buratti | first7 = Bonnie J. | last8 = Cable | first8 = Morgan L. | last9 = Castillo-Rogez | first9 = Julie | last10 = Collins | first10 = Geoffrey C. | display-authors = etal | year = 2019| title = The NASA Roadmap to Ocean Worlds | journal = Astrobiology | volume = 19| issue = 1 | pages = 1–27| doi = 10.1089/ast.2018.1955 | pmid = 30346215 | pmc = 6338575 | bibcode = 2019AsBio..19....1H | doi-access = free }}</ref> Europa en Enkelados word beskou as van die fassinerendste teikens vir verkenning danksy hulle relatief dun [[Kors (geologie)|kors]] en waargenome [[Kriovulkaan|kriovulkanisme]].

Talle ander liggame in die Sonnestelsel word beskou as kandidate om ondergrondse oseane te hê, soos [[Ariel (maan)|Ariel]],<ref name='OW Roadmap 2019'/> [[Titania (maan)|Titania]],<ref>https://weather.com/en-IN/india/space/news/2023-05-10-four-of-uranus-large-moons-may-be-hosting-oceans-nasa-study</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/new-study-of-uranus-large-moons-shows-4-may-hold-water | title=New Study of Uranus' Large Moons Shows 4 May Hold Water - NASA | date=4 May 2023 }}</ref> [[Umbriel (maan)|Umbriel]],<ref name="space.com">{{cite web | url=https://www.space.com/uranus-four-biggest-moons-buried-oceans | title=Uranus' 4 biggest moons may have buried oceans of salty water | website=Space.com | date=5 May 2023 }}</ref> [[Ceres (dwergplaneet)|Ceres]],<ref name="McEwen presentation 2016">{{cite web |url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/opag/meetings/feb2016/presentations/day-1/08-Roadmap-Ocean-Worlds-McEwen.pdf |title=Roadmaps to Ocean Worlds (ROW) |last=McEwen |first=Alfred |work=Lunar and Planetary Institute |date=1 February 2016 |access-date=2017-09-30 }}</ref><ref name="Creech 2016">{{cite web |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160011102 |title=Ocean World Exploration and SLS: Enabling the Search for Life |last1=Creech |first1=Stephen D |last2=Vane |first2=Greg |work=Nasa Technical Reports Server |publisher=NASA |access-date=2017-09-30 }}</ref> [[Dione (maan)|Dione]],<ref name="Scott 2015"/><ref name="Wenz 2015"/> [[Eris (dwergplaneet)|Eris]],<ref name="Hussmann Sohl et al. 2006">{{cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005| last1 = Hussmann| first1 = Hauke| last2 = Sohl| first2 = Frank| last3 = Spohn| first3 = Tilman| date = November 2006| title = Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects| journal = Icarus| volume = 185| issue = 1| pages = 258–273| url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225019299| bibcode = 2006Icar..185..258H| ref = {{sfnRef|Hussmann Sohl et al.|2006}}}}</ref> [[Mimas (maan)|Mimas]],<ref>[https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/infographic.view.php?id=11262 Ocean Worlds]. JPL, NASA.</ref><ref>[https://www.nasa.gov/specials/ocean-worlds/ Ocean Worlds Exploration Program]. NASA</ref> [[Miranda (maan)|Miranda]],<ref name='OW Roadmap 2019'/> [[Oberon (maan)|Oberon]],<ref name="Vance 2007"/><ref name="Hussmann Sohl et al. 2006"/> [[Pluto]]<ref name="Nimmo 2016"/> en [[Triton (maan)|Triton]].<ref name="Nimmo 2016"/>


==Verwysings==
==Verwysings==
'''Sal later regkom'''
{{Verwysings|3}}
{{Verwysings|3}}


Wysiging soos op 17:45, 28 Januarie 2024

Die Aarde se oppervlak word oorheers deur oseane, wat 75% daarvan bedek.

'n Oseaanwêreld, oseaanplaneet, maritieme wêreld, waterwêreld of akwaplaneet is 'n soort planeet wat 'n aansienlike hoeveelheid water in die vorm van oseane as deel van sy hidrosfeer bevat, óf onder óf bo die oppervlak, wat moontlik alle droë grond bedek.[1][2] Die term "oseaanwêreld" word ook soms gebruik vir hemelliggame met 'n oseaan wat uit 'n ander vloeistof as water bestaan,[3] soos lawa (soos op die maan Io), ammoniak (soos in Titaan se oseaan onder sy oppervlak) of koolwaterstowwe (soos op Titaan se oppervlak).[4]

Die Aarde is tans die enigste bekende hemelliggaam wat vloeibare watermassas op sy oppervlak het, hoewel verskeie eksoplanete al ontdek is met die regte toestande om vloeibare water te onderhou.[5] Daar is ook aansienlike hoeveelhede ondergrondse water op die Aarde, meestal in die vorm van watergesteentes.[6] Die tegnologie bestaan nog nie om vloeibare water op eksoplanete te sien nie, en daarom word atmosferiese waterdamp as 'n aanduiding gebruik.[7] Wat veral interessant van waterwêrelde is, is hulle potensiaal om lewe te skep en onderhou.

In Junie 2020 het wetenskaplikes van Nasa aangekondig dit is moontlik dat eksoplanete met oseane algemeen in die Melkweg is, gebaseer op wiskundige modelle.[8][9]

Oorsig

Sonnestelsel

'n Diagram van die binnekant van Enkelados.

Oseaanwêrelde is van besondere belang vir astrobioloë vanweë hulle potensiaal om lewe te skep en biologiese aktiwiteit oor geologiese tydskale te onderhou.[10][11] Groot mane en dwergplanete in die Sonnestelsel wat moontlik ondergrondse oseane het, is van besondere belang omdat hulle deur ruimteverkenningstuie bereik en bestudeer kan word, in teenstelling met eksoplanete, wat tot honderdduisende ligjare van hier kan wees, ver buite die bereik van die huidige menslike tegnologie. Die beste waterwêrelde in die Sonnestelsel benewens die Aarde is Kallisto, Enkelados, Europa, Ganumedes en Titaan.[11][12] Europa en Enkelados word beskou as van die fassinerendste teikens vir verkenning danksy hulle relatief dun kors en waargenome kriovulkanisme.

Talle ander liggame in die Sonnestelsel word beskou as kandidate om ondergrondse oseane te hê, soos Ariel,[12] Titania,[13][14] Umbriel,[15] Ceres,[16][17] Dione,[18][19] Eris,[20] Mimas,[21][22] Miranda,[12] Oberon,[10][20] Pluto[11] en Triton.[11]

Verwysings

Sal later regkom

  1. ↑ Definition of Ocean planet. Besoek op 1 Oktober 2017.
  2. ↑ Adams, E. R.; Seager, S.; Elkins-Tanton, L. (1 Februarie 2008). "Ocean Planet or Thick Atmosphere: On the Mass-Radius Relationship for Solid Exoplanets with Massive Atmospheres". The Astrophysical Journal. 673 (2): 1160–1164. arXiv:0710.4941. Bibcode:2008ApJ...673.1160A. doi:10.1086/524925. S2CID 6676647.
  3. ↑ [Ocean Worlds: The story of seas on Earth and other planets]. Deur Jan Zalasiewicz en Mark Williams. OUP Oxford, October 23, 2014. ISBN 019165356X, 9780191653568.
  4. ↑ F. J. Ballesteros; A. Fernandez-Soto; V. J. Martinez (2019). "Title: Diving into Exoplanets: Are Water Seas the Most Common?". Astrobiology. 19 (5): 642–654. doi:10.1089/ast.2017.1720. hdl:10261/213115. PMID 30789285. S2CID 73498809.
  5. ↑ "Are there oceans on other planets?". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 6 Julie 2017. Besoek op 3 Oktober 2017.
  6. ↑ "Aquifers and Groundwater | U.S. Geological Survey". www.usgs.gov. Besoek op 2 Mei 2023.
  7. ↑ Seager, Sara (2013). "Exoplanet Habitability". Science. 340 (577): 577–581. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..577S. doi:10.1126/science.1232226. PMID 23641111. S2CID 206546351.
  8. ↑ Shekhtman, Lonnie; et al. (18 Junie 2020). "Are Planets with Oceans Common in the Galaxy? It's Likely, NASA Scientists Find". Nasa. Besoek op 20 Junie 2020.
  9. ↑ Quick, Lynnae C.; Roberge, Aki; Barr Mlinar, Amy; Hedman, Matthew M. (18 Junie 2020). "Forecasting Rates of Volcanic Activity on Terrestrial Exoplanets and Implications for Cryovolcanic Activity on Extrasolar Ocean Worlds". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 132 (1014): 084402. Bibcode:2020PASP..132h4402Q. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab9504. S2CID 219964895.
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Verwysingfout: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Vance 2007
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 11,3 Verwysingfout: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Nimmo 2016
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Hendrix, Amanda R.; Hurford, Terry A.; Barge, Laura M.; Bland, Michael T.; Bowman, Jeff S.; Brinckerhoff, William; Buratti, Bonnie J.; Cable, Morgan L.; Castillo-Rogez, Julie; Collins, Geoffrey C.; et al. (2019). "The NASA Roadmap to Ocean Worlds". Astrobiology. 19 (1): 1–27. Bibcode:2019AsBio..19....1H. doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1955. PMC 6338575. PMID 30346215.
  13. ↑ https://weather.com/en-IN/india/space/news/2023-05-10-four-of-uranus-large-moons-may-be-hosting-oceans-nasa-study
  14. ↑ "New Study of Uranus' Large Moons Shows 4 May Hold Water - NASA". 4 Mei 2023.
  15. ↑ "Uranus' 4 biggest moons may have buried oceans of salty water". Space.com. 5 Mei 2023.
  16. ↑ McEwen, Alfred (1 Februarie 2016). "Roadmaps to Ocean Worlds (ROW)" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Institute. Besoek op 30 September 2017.
  17. ↑ Creech, Stephen D; Vane, Greg. "Ocean World Exploration and SLS: Enabling the Search for Life". Nasa Technical Reports Server. NASA. Besoek op 30 September 2017.
  18. ↑ Verwysingfout: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Scott 2015
  19. ↑ Verwysingfout: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Wenz 2015
  20. ↑ 20,0 20,1 Hussmann, Hauke; Sohl, Frank; Spohn, Tilman (November 2006). "Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects". Icarus. 185 (1): 258–273. Bibcode:2006Icar..185..258H. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005.
  21. ↑ Ocean Worlds. JPL, NASA.
  22. ↑ Ocean Worlds Exploration Program. NASA

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