Eugène Ionesco

Eugène Ionesco (Slatina (Roemenië), 26 November 1909 – Parys, 28 Maart 1994) was 'n invloedryke Franse dramaturg, gebore in Roemenië. Hy word gesien as een van die belangrikste verteenwoordigers van die Teater van die Absurde.

Ionesco het 'n Franse ma gehad en die gesin het kort ná sy geboorte na Parys verhuis. Baie bronne noem 1912 as sy geboortejaar; dit was omdat Ionesco dikwels voorgegee het dat hy jonger is as wat hy werklik was. Hy het sy eerste toneelstuk geskryf toe hy 13 was. Sy ouers is in 1925 geskei. Hy het in sy tienerjare saam met sy pa na Roemenië teruggekeer, waar hy Frans aan die Universiteit van Boekarest studeer het. Daar het hy ook begin om poësie en literêre kritiek te skryf. Na sy studies het hy vir 'n tyd lank Frans by 'n hoërskool in Boekarest gegee.

In 1936 trou hy met Rodica Burileano en in 1938 vertrek die egpaar na Frankryk. Tydens die Tweede Wêreldoorlog is hul dogter, Marie-France, gebore.

Ionesco het 'n aantal absurdistiese toneelstukke geskryf, geïnspireer deur die - in sy oë - waansin van die alledaagse lewe. Sy vroeë werke sluit in La cantatrice chauve (1950) en La leçon (1951). Aanvanklik was daar min entoesiasme vir sy toneelstukke wat in styl afgewyk het, maar in die 1970's het sy werke meer gewild geraak onder die algemene publiek. Sy latere werke sluit in Rhinocéros (1959), La soif et la faim (1965) en Le Roi se meurt (1962). Sy werk handel oor tipies absurdistiese temas, soos die dood en die sinloosheid van die lewe.

In 1970 is hy aangestel by die Académie française. Later in sy lewe het Ionesco die roman Le Solitaire (1973) geskryf. Hy het ook geskilder.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Verwysings[wysig | wysig bron]

↑ The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Eugène Ionesco; French dramatist. Britannica online
↑ The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Theatre of the Absurd". Britannica online
↑ Some sources such as the Who's Who in Jewish History (Routledge, London, 1995) and 'Ionesco Eugene' article in Encyclopaedia Judaica state that Ionesco's mother was Jewish. In his now-famous diary, Romanian playwright Mihail Sebastian recorded that Ionesco told him his mother "had been Jewish, from Craiova." (Cf. Journal: 1935–1944, UK edition, 321.) Marie-France Ionesco, Eugène's daughter, details a more complex genealogy of her family. Marie-Therese Ipcar's father was Jean Ipcar, a Lutheran from France and her mother was Aneta Ioanid, a Romanian woman of Greek parentage and Orthodox Christian faith. Jean's biological father was a Frenchman of Lutheran faith named Émile Marin. His mother, Anna, later married a man named Sebastien Ipcher, from whom Jean got his surname, a French-Catholic variation of "Ipcher" or "Ipchier". Rumors of Marie-Therese's Jewish origin, Marie-France writes, may have originated from the fact that her paternal grandmother's surname is disputed between the French Lebel or German-Jewish Lindenberg. Whether Eugène Ionesco's great-grandmother was Jewish or not, is, according to Marie-France, unknown and irrelevant, especially in regard to Eugène Ionesco's positive view of Jews. Cf. Ionesco, Marie-France, Portrait de l'écrivain dans le siècle: Eugène Ionesco, 1909–1994, Gallimard, Paris, 2004.
↑ "Søren Olsen, Eugene Ionesco's life". Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 6 Maart 2005. Besoek op 2 Maart 2005.

Eksterne skakels[wysig | wysig bron]

[1] The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Eugène Ionesco; French dramatist. Britannica online

[2] The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Theatre of the Absurd". Britannica online

[3] Some sources such as the Who's Who in Jewish History (Routledge, London, 1995) and 'Ionesco Eugene' article in Encyclopaedia Judaica state that Ionesco's mother was Jewish. In his now-famous diary, Romanian playwright Mihail Sebastian recorded that Ionesco told him his mother "had been Jewish, from Craiova." (Cf. Journal: 1935–1944, UK edition, 321.) Marie-France Ionesco, Eugène's daughter, details a more complex genealogy of her family. Marie-Therese Ipcar's father was Jean Ipcar, a Lutheran from France and her mother was Aneta Ioanid, a Romanian woman of Greek parentage and Orthodox Christian faith. Jean's biological father was a Frenchman of Lutheran faith named Émile Marin. His mother, Anna, later married a man named Sebastien Ipcher, from whom Jean got his surname, a French-Catholic variation of "Ipcher" or "Ipchier". Rumors of Marie-Therese's Jewish origin, Marie-France writes, may have originated from the fact that her paternal grandmother's surname is disputed between the French Lebel or German-Jewish Lindenberg. Whether Eugène Ionesco's great-grandmother was Jewish or not, is, according to Marie-France, unknown and irrelevant, especially in regard to Eugène Ionesco's positive view of Jews. Cf. Ionesco, Marie-France, Portrait de l'écrivain dans le siècle: Eugène Ionesco, 1909–1994, Gallimard, Paris, 2004.

[4] "Søren Olsen, Eugene Ionesco's life". Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 6 Maart 2005. Besoek op 2 Maart 2005.

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