Isotope van lawrensium
Die chemiese element lawrensium (Lr), met ’n atoommassa van ongeveer 262 u, het geen stabiele isotope nie en word dus as ’n radioaktiewe element geklassifiseer. Die 11 isotope is onstabiel en het ’n relatief kort halfleeftyd (die meeste minder as ’n sekonde).
In die natuur kom geen lawrensium voor nie; alle isotope is sinteties in ’n laboratorium berei. Die eerste sintetiese isotoop was 258Lr, in 1961.
Die kortslewende isotoop van lawrensium is 252Lr, met ’n halfleeftyd van ongeveer 390 mikrosekondes. Die langslewende een is 262Rf, met ’n halfleeftyd van 216 minute.
Oorsig
[wysig | wysig bron]| Nuklied | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopiese massa (u) | Halfleeftyd | Radioaktiewe verval | VP | Kernspin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opwekkingsenergie | |||||||
| 252Lr | 103 | 149 | 252,09537(27) | 390(90) ms | α (90%) | 248Md | |
| β+ (10%) | 252No | ||||||
| SS (1%) | |||||||
| 253Lr | 103 | 150 | 253,09521(24) | 580(70) ms | α (90%) | 249Md | (7/2-) |
| SS (9%) | |||||||
| β+ (1%) | 253No | ||||||
| 253mLr | 30(100) keV | 1,5(3) s | (1/2-) | ||||
| 254Lr | 103 | 151 | 254,09645(36) | 13(3) s | α (78%) | 250Md | |
| β+ (22%) | 254No | ||||||
| SS (0,1%) | |||||||
| 255Lr | 103 | 152 | 255,09668(22) | 22(4) s | α (69%) | 251Md | 7/2- |
| β+ (30%) | 255No | ||||||
| SS (1%) | |||||||
| 256Lr | 103 | 153 | 256,09863(24) | 27(3) s | α (80%) | 252Md | |
| β+ (20%) | 256No | ||||||
| SS (0,01%) | |||||||
| 257Lr | 103 | 154 | 257,09956(22) | 646(25) ms | α (99,99%) | 253Md | 9/2+ |
| β+ (0,01%) | 257No | ||||||
| SS (0,001%) | |||||||
| 258Lr | 103 | 155 | 258,10181(11) | 4,1(3) s | α (95%) | 254Md | |
| β+ (5%) | 258No | ||||||
| 259Lr | 103 | 156 | 259,10290(8) | 6,2(3) s | α (77%) | 255Md | 9/2+ |
| SS (23%) | |||||||
| β+ (0,5%) | 259No | ||||||
| 260Lr | 103 | 157 | 260,10550(12) | 2,7 min | α (75%) | 256Md | |
| β+ (15%) | 260No | ||||||
| SS (10%) | |||||||
| 261Lr | 103 | 158 | 261,10688(22) | 44 min | SS | ||
| α (selde) | 257Md | ||||||
| 262Lr | 103 | 159 | 262,10963(22) | 216 min | β+ | 262No | |
| α (zelden) | 258Md | ||||||
Isotope per element
[wysig | wysig bron]| 1H | 2He | 3Li | 4Be | 5B | 6C | 7N | 8O | 9F | 10Ne | 11Na | 12Mg | 13Al | 14Si | 15P | 16S | 17Cl | 18Ar | 19K | |
| 20Ca | 21Sc | 22Ti | 23V | 24Cr | 25Mn | 26Fe | 27Co | 28Ni | 29Cu | 30Zn | 31Ga | 32Ge | 33As | 34Se | 35Br | 36Kr | 37Rb | 38Sr | 39Y |
| 40Zr | 41Nb | 42Mo | 43Tc | 44Ru | 45Rh | 46Pd | 47Ag | 48Cd | 49In | 50Sn | 51Sb | 52Te | 53I | 54Xe | 55Cs | 56Ba | 57La | 58Ce | 59Pr |
| 60Nd | 61Pm | 62Sm | 63Eu | 64Gd | 65Tb | 66Dy | 67Ho | 68Er | 69Tm | 70Yb | 71Lu | 72Hf | 73Ta | 74W | 75Re | 76Os | 77Ir | 78Pt | 79Au |
| 80Hg | 81Tl | 82Pb | 83Bi | 84Po | 85At | 86Rn | 87Fr | 88Ra | 89Ac | 90Th | 91Pa | 92U | 93Np | 94Pu | 95Am | 96Cm | 97Bk | 98Cf | 99Es |
| 100Fm | 101Md | 102No | 103Lr | 104Rf | 105Db | 106Sg | 107Bh | 108Hs | 109Mt | 110Ds | 111Rg | 112Cn | 113Nh | 114Fl | 115Mc | 116Lv | 117Ts | 118Og |
Bronne
[wysig | wysig bron]- R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (aanlyn weergawe van die CD-ROM)
- G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85ste uitg.), hoofstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die Nederlandse Wikipedia
