Uranus: Verskil tussen weergawes
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{{Inligtingskas Planeet |
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{| border="0" align="right" style="margin-left:1em" |
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| bgcolour = #BEE3E6 |
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|----- |
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| name = Uranus |
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| symbol = [[Lêer:Uranus symbol.svg|25px|Uranus se sterrekundige simbool]] |
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" |
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| image = [[Lêer:Uranus2.jpg|240px|Die planeet Uranus]] |
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|+ <font size="+1">'''Uranus'''</font> |
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| caption = Uranus, soos waargeneem deur die Voyager 2-wenteltuig |
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|----- |
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| discovery = yes |
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! colspan="2" bgcolor="#000000" | [[Lêer:Uranus2.jpg|250px|]]<br /> |
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| discoverer = [[William Herschel]] |
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<small><font color="white">Klik op beeld vir groter weergawe</font></small> |
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| discovered = 13 Maart 1781 |
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|----- |
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| orbit_ref =<ref name="horizons"> |
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! bgcolor="#c0ffff" colspan="2" | [[Wentelbaan]]eienskappe ([[Epoch (astronomie)|Epoch]] J2000) |
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{{cite web |
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|----- |
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| last = Yeomans |
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! align="left" | [[Deursnitradius]] |
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| first = Donald K. |
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| date = July 13, 2006 |
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<td>2,870,972,220 [[kilometer|km]]<br />19.191 263 93 [[Astronimiese eenheid|AE]] |
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| url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons |
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|----- |
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| title = HORIZONS System |
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! align="left" | [[Omtrek]] |
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| publisher = NASA JPL |
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| 120.515 [[Astronomiese eenheid|AE]] |
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| accessdate = August 8, 2007 }}</ref> |
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|----- |
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| epoch = [[J2000]] |
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! align="left" | [[Eksentrisiteit (sterrekunde)|Eksentrisiteit]] |
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| aphelion = 3,004,419,704 km<br />20.083 305 26 AE |
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| 0.047 167 71 |
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| perihelion = 2,748,938,461 km<br />18.375 518 63 AU |
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|----- |
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| semimajor = 2,876,679,082 km<br />19.229 411 95 AE |
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! align="left" | [[Perihelium]] |
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| eccentricity = 0.044 405 586 |
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| 2,735,555,035 [[kilometer|km]]<br />18.286 055 96 [[Astronimiese eenheid|AE]] |
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| period = 30,799.095 dae<br />84.323 326 jare<br />42,718 Uranus solar dae<ref name="CSeligman"> |
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|----- |
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{{cite web |
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! align="left" | [[Aphelium]] |
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| last = Seligman |
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| 3,006,389,405 [[kilometer|km]]<br />20.096 471 90 [[Astronimiese eenheid|AE]] |
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| first = Courtney |
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|----- |
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| title = Rotation Period and Day Length |
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! align="left" | Rewolusieperiode |
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| url = http://cseligman.com/text/sky/rotationvsday.htm |
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| 30,707.4896 dae |
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| accessdate = August 13, 2009 |
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|----- |
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}} |
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! align="left" | [[Sinodiese periode (astronomie)|Sinodiese periode]] |
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</ref> |
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| 369.65 dae |
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| synodic_period = 369.66 dae<ref name="fact">{{cite web | url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranusfact.html|title = Uranus Fact Sheet|publisher = NASA|last = Williams|first = Dr. David R.|accessdate = Augustus 10, 2007|date = Januarie 31, 2005}}</ref> |
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|----- |
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| avg_speed = 6.81 km/s<ref name="fact" /> |
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! align="left" | [[Gemiddelde wentelspoed]] |
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| inclination = 0.772 556° tot [[Ekliptika]]<br />6.48° tot die Son se ewenaar<br />1.02° tot onveranderbare vlakte<ref name="meanplane">{{cite web | date = 2009-04-03 | title = The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter | url = http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/MeanPlane.gif | accessdate = 2009-04-10 }} (produsier met [http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ Solex 10] geskryf van Aldo Vitagliano)</ref> |
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| 6.795 km/s |
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| asc_node = 73.989 821° |
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|----- |
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| arg_peri = 96.541 318° |
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! align="left" | Maksimum wentelspoed |
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| mean_anomaly = 142.955 717° |
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| 7.128 km/s |
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| satellites = [[Uranus se natuurlike satelliete|27]] |
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|----- |
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| minorplanet = yes |
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! align="left" | Minimum wentelspoed |
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| physical_characteristics = yes |
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| 6.486 km/s |
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| flattening = 0.022 9 ± 0.000 8<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007">{{cite doi | 10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y }}</ref> |
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|----- |
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| equatorial_radius = 25,559 ± 4 km <br /> 4.007 Earths<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007" /> |
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! align="left" | [[Inklinasie]] |
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| polar_radius = 24,973 ± 20 km <br /> 3.929 Earths<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007" /> |
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| 0.769 86°<br />(6.48° tot die son se ewenaar) |
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| circumference = 159,354.1 km<ref name="nasafact" /> |
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|----- |
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| surface_area = 8.115 6{{e|9}} km<sup>2</sup><ref name="nasafact">{{cite web|url = http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Uranus&Display=Facts|title = NASA: Solar System Exploration: Planets: Uranus: Facts & Figures|publisher = NASA|last = Munsell|first = Kirk|accessdate = Augustus 13, 2007|date = Mei 14, 2007}}</ref><br />15.91 Aardes |
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! align="left" | Aantal [[natuurlike satelliete|satelliete]] |
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| volume = 6.833{{e|13}} km<sup>3</sup><ref name="fact" /><br />63.086 Aardes |
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| 27 |
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| mass = {{nowrap|(8.6810 ± 0.0013){{e|25}} kg}}<br />14.536 Aardes<ref name=Jacobson1992>{{cite journal|last=Jacobson|first=R.A.|coauthors=Campbell, J.K.; Taylor, A.H.; Synnott, S.P.|title=The masses of Uranus and its major satellites from Voyager tracking data and Earth-based Uranian satellite data|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=103|issue=6|pages=2068–2078|year=1992|doi=10.1086/116211| bibcode=1992AJ....103.2068J}}</ref><br /> |
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|----- |
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GM=5 793 939 ± 13 km<sup>3</sup>/s<sup>2</sup> |
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! bgcolor="#c0ffff" colspan="2" | Fisiese eienskappe |
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| density = 1.27 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="fact" /> |
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|----- |
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| surface_grav = 8.69 m/s<sup>2</sup><ref name="fact" /><br />0.886 g |
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! align="left" | [[Ewenaar]]deursnee |
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| escape_velocity = 21.3 km/s<ref name="fact" /> |
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| 51,118 km <br /> (4.007 aardes) |
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| sidereal_day = −0.718 33 dae<br />{{nowrap|17 h 14 min 24 s}}<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007" /> |
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|----- |
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| rot_velocity = 2.59 km/s<br />9,320 km/h |
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! align="left" | [[Pool]]deursnee |
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| axial_tilt = 97.77°<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007" /> |
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| 49,946 km <br /> (3.929 aardes) |
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| right_asc_north_pole = {{nowrap|17 h 9 min 15 s}}<br />257.311°<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007" /> |
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|----- |
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| declination = −15.175°<ref name="Seidelmann Archinal A'hearn et al. 2007" /> |
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! align="left" | [[Afgeplatheid]] |
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| albedo = 0.300 (geometries)<br />0.51 (Bond)<ref name="fact" /> |
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| 0.0229 |
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| magnitude = 5.9<ref name=ephemeris>{{cite web|title=Twelve Year Planetary Ephemeris: 1995 - 2006|author=Espenak, Fred |work=NASA|url=http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/TYPE/TYPE.html|year=2005|accessdate=Junie 14, 2007}}</ref> tot 5.32<ref name="fact" /> |
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|----- |
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| angular_size = 3.3"–4.1"<ref name="fact" /> |
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! align="left" | [[Oppervlakte]] |
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| temperatures = yes |
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| 8.084×10<sup>9</sup> [[vierkante kilometer|km<sup>2</sup>]]<br />(15.849 aardes) |
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| temp_name1 = 1 bar level<ref name="Podolak Weizman et al. 1995">{{cite doi | 10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5 }}</ref> |
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|----- |
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| min_temp_1 = |
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! align="left" | [[Volume]] |
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| mean_temp_1 = 76 [[Kelvin|K]]<ref name="fact" /> |
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| 6.834×10<sup>13</sup> [[kubieke kilometer|km<sup>3</sup>]]<br />(63.086 aardes) |
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| max_temp_1 = |
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|----- |
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| temp_name2 = 0.1 bar<ref name="Lunine 1993">{{cite doi | 10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.001245 }}</ref> |
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! align="left" | [[Massa]] |
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| min_temp_2 = 49 K |
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| 8.6832×10<sup>25</sup> [[kilogram|kg]]<br />(14.536 aardes) |
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| mean_temp_2 = 53 K |
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|----- |
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| max_temp = 57 K |
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! align="left" | [[Mediaandigtheid]] |
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| atmosphere = yes |
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| 1.318 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| atmosphere_ref = |
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|----- |
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<ref name="Lunine 1993" /><ref name="Lindal Lyons et al. 1987" /><ref name="Conrath Gautier et al. 1987" /> |
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! align="left" | Ewenaar [[aantrekkingskrag]] |
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| atmosphere_density = |
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| 8.69 [[Versnelling|m/s<sup>2</sup>]]<br />(0.886[[Versnelling|g]]) |
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| atmosphere_composition = 83 ± 3% [[Waterstof]]<br /> |
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|----- |
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15 ± 3% [[Helium]]<br /> |
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! align="left" | [[Ontsnappingssnelheid]] |
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2.3% [[Methan]]<br /> |
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| 21.29 [[Snelheid|km/s]] |
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0.009% <br /> (0.007–0.015%) [[Waterstofdeuteried]]<br /><ref name=Feuchtgruber1999>{{cite journal|last=Feuchtgruber|first=H.|coauthors=Lellouch, E.; B. Bezard; et al.|title=Detection of HD in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune: a new determination of the D/H ratio|year=1999|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=341|pages=L17–L21|bibcode=1999A&A...341L..17F|last2=Lellouch|last3=Bézard|last4=Encrenaz|last5=De Graauw|last6=Davis}}</ref> |
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|----- |
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}} |
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! align="left" | Rotasieperiode |
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| −0.718 33 dae <br />(17 h 14 min 24 s) |
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|----- |
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! align="left" | Rotasiespoed |
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| 9320 [[Snelheid|km/h]] by ewenaar |
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|----- |
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! align="left" | Aksiale neiging |
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| 97.77° |
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|----- |
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! align="left" | [[Albedo]] |
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| 0.51 |
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|----- |
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! align="left" | Oppervlak[[temperatuur]]<br />- minimum<br />- mediaan |
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| <br />59 [[Kelvin|K]]<br />68 K |
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|----- |
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'''Uranus''' is die sewende [[planeet]] van die [[son]]. Dit is 'n gas reus met die derde grootste diameter en vierde grootste massa. Dit is vernoem na die Griekse god van die hemel. |
'''Uranus''' is die sewende [[planeet]] van die [[son]]. Dit is 'n gas reus met die derde grootste diameter en vierde grootste massa. Dit is vernoem na die Griekse god van die hemel. |
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[[Lêer:Uranus, Earth size comparison.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Groottes van die Aarde en Uranus]] |
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[[Lêer:Aarde Uranus.svg|thumb|left|150px|Vergelyking in grootte met die Aarde]] |
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Die enigste ruimtetuig om Uranus te besoek was [[NASA]] se ''[[Voyager 2]]''. |
Die enigste ruimtetuig om Uranus te besoek was [[NASA]] se ''[[Voyager 2]]''. |
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== Sigbaarheid == |
== Sigbaarheid == |
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[[Lêer:Uranus, Earth size comparison.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Groottes van die Aarde en Uranus]] |
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Uranus se helderheid is tussen +5.5 en +6.0, wat beteken dat dit op 'n goeie aand gesien kan word met die blote oog as 'n ligte ster. Dit kan maklik gevind word met verkykers. Met 'n amateur teleskoop gee die planeet 'n ligte blou skynsel en twee van die mane ([[Titania]] en [[Oberon]]) kan van tyd tot tyd gesien word. |
Uranus se helderheid is tussen +5.5 en +6.0, wat beteken dat dit op 'n goeie aand gesien kan word met die blote oog as 'n ligte ster. Dit kan maklik gevind word met verkykers. Met 'n amateur teleskoop gee die planeet 'n ligte blou skynsel en twee van die mane ([[Titania]] en [[Oberon]]) kan van tyd tot tyd gesien word. |
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[[als:Uranus (Planet)]] |
[[als:Uranus (Planet)]] |
Wysiging soos op 16:00, 22 Maart 2012
Uranus, soos waargeneem deur die Voyager 2-wenteltuig | |
Ontdekking | |
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Ontdek deur | William Herschel |
Datum | 13 Maart 1781 |
Wentelbaaneienskappe[1] | |
Epog J2000 | |
Afelium | 3,004,419,704 km 20.083 305 26 AE |
Perihelium | 2,748,938,461 km 18.375 518 63 AU |
Halwe lengteas | 2,876,679,082 km 19.229 411 95 AE |
Wentelperiode | 30,799.095 dae 84.323 326 jare 42,718 Uranus solar dae[2] |
Sinodiese periode | 369.66 dae[3] |
Gem. omwentelingspoed | 6.81 km/s[3] |
Gem. anomalie | 142.955 717° |
Baanhelling | 0.772 556° tot Ekliptika 6.48° tot die Son se ewenaar 1.02° tot onveranderbare vlakte[4] |
Lengteligging van stygende nodus | 73.989 821° |
Periheliumhoek | 96.541 318° |
Natuurlike satelliete | 27 |
Atmosfeer | |
Samestelling | 83 ± 3% Waterstof 0.009% (0.007–0.015%) Waterstofdeuteried [5] |
Uranus is die sewende planeet van die son. Dit is 'n gas reus met die derde grootste diameter en vierde grootste massa. Dit is vernoem na die Griekse god van die hemel.
Die enigste ruimtetuig om Uranus te besoek was NASA se Voyager 2.
William Herschel het Uranus ontdek op 13 Maart 1781. Dit is uniek aangesien alle planete tot Saturnus vanaf antieke tye af reeds bekend was. Dit is ook die eerste planeet wat ontdek is deur tegnologie te gebruik in plaas van met die blote oog te sien.
Ontdekking en benaming
Uranus is die eerste planeet wat ontdek is wat nie vanaf antieke tyd bekend was nie. Die vorige kere wat Uranus gesien was, was dit verwar met 'n ster. Die eerste opgetekende besigtiging van die ster was in 1690 toe John Flamsteed dit gekatalogiseer het as 34 Tauri. Hy het Uranus ten minste 'n verdere ses kere gesien. Die rekord behoort egter aan 'n Fraanse astonoom, Pierre Lemonnier, wat Uranus ten minste twalf keer tussen 1750 en 1771 gesien het.
William Herschel het die planeet formeel ondek op 13 Maart 1781. Hy het dit egter geraporteer as 'n komeet op 26 April 1781.[6]
Die oorspronklike naam wat Herschel aan die planeet gegee het was Georgium Sidus (George se ster), vernoem ter vir Koning George III. Hy het dit egter verander na die Georgian Planet. Die naam is selfs so laat as 1850 gebruik, maar was egter nie aanvaarbaar buite Britanje nie. Lalande het die naam Herscel voorgestel in 1784. Na heelwat alternatiewe name voorgestel is, het Bode, redigeer van die Berliner Astronomisches Jahrbuch, die naam Uranus begin gebruik.
In Sjinees, Japannees, Koreaans en Vietnamees beteken die naam van die planeet letterlik "Hemel koning ster" (天王星).[7]
Natuurlike satelliete
Uranus het 27 natuurlike satelliete. Die name is gekies as karakters uit Shakespeare en Alexander Pope. Die vyf grootstes is Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania en Oberon.
Die grootste mane van Uranus (in vergelyking met die Aarde se maan) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Naam |
Diameter (km) |
Massa (kg) |
Orbitale radius (km) |
Orbitale periode (d) | |
Miranda | 470 (14%) |
0.7 (0.1%) |
129,000 (35%) |
1.4 (5%) | |
Ariel | 1160 (33%) |
14 (1.8%) |
191,000 (50%) |
2.5 (10%) | |
Umbriel | 1170 (34%) |
12 (1.6%) |
266,000 (70%) |
4.1 (15%) | |
Titania | 1580 (45%) |
35 (4.8%) |
436,000 (115%) |
8.7 (30%) | |
Oberon | 1520 (44%) |
30 (4.1%) |
584,000 (150%) |
13.5 (50%) |
Sigbaarheid
Uranus se helderheid is tussen +5.5 en +6.0, wat beteken dat dit op 'n goeie aand gesien kan word met die blote oog as 'n ligte ster. Dit kan maklik gevind word met verkykers. Met 'n amateur teleskoop gee die planeet 'n ligte blou skynsel en twee van die mane (Titania en Oberon) kan van tyd tot tyd gesien word.
Verwysings
Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met Uranus (planet). |
- ↑ Yeomans, Donald K. (13 Julie 2006). "HORIZONS System". NASA JPL. Besoek op 8 Augustus 2007.
- ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "Rotation Period and Day Length". Besoek op 13 Augustus 2009.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Williams, Dr. David R. (31 Januarie 2005). "Uranus Fact Sheet". NASA. Besoek op 10 Augustus 2007.
- ↑ "The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter". 3 April 2009. Besoek op 10 April 2009. (produsier met Solex 10 geskryf van Aldo Vitagliano)
- ↑ Feuchtgruber, H.; Lellouch; Bézard; Encrenaz; De Graauw; Davis (1999). "Detection of HD in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune: a new determination of the D/H ratio". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 341: L17–L21. Bibcode:1999A&A...341L..17F.
{{cite journal}}
: Onbekende parameter|coauthors=
geïgnoreer (hulp) - ↑ Account of a Comet, By Mr. Herschel, F. R. S.; Communicated by Dr. Watson, Jun. of Bath, F. R. S., Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, band 71, bladsye 492-501.
- ↑ "Sailormoon Terms and Information". The Sailor Senshi Page. Besoek op 5 Maart 2006.
Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link FA Sjabloon:Link GA Sjabloon:Link GA Sjabloon:Link GA Sjabloon:Link GA